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The tyres and suspension absorb the shock and vibration resulting from uneven road surfaces. The car tyres act as an extension of the suspension coil springs. This provides smooth and comfortable ride for the car drivers and passengers. Car ride is dependent upon the factors such as suspension, car weight distribution, individual parts undamped natural frequency, and tyres.

Suspension depends on the suspension type, spring constant, and shock absorber attenuation and stabilizer strength while tyres depend on the spring constant and enveloping power. Car weight distribution depends on the car spring and unsprung weight distribution.

The spring constant is the amount of force required to depress the tyre surface 1mm. It is indicated in kg/mm units. A low spring constant is indicative of a soft tyre.

The enveloping power is the extent to which the tyre tread is able to wrap around an object or protuberance on the road surface. Tyres with a high enveloping power generally provide a smoother ride on rough road surface. Bias-type tyres usually have a higher enveloping power than radial tyres because the carcass of the bias tyre is obliquely linked to the tyre circumference. Tyre deflection resulting from road shock is easily absorbed to provide a soft ride. This gives them the advantage of providing a smoother ride.

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